Китай является одним из крупнейших производителей, экспортеров, инвесторов и потребительских рынков мира. Развитие экономики страны в последние годы испытывает влияние различных внутренних и внешних факторов, трансформации мировой экономики, торговых войн с США. В начале 2020 года, намеченного как год всестороннего построения в стране «общества малого благоденствия», победы над бедностью и год окончания 13-го пятилетнего плана, разразилась эпидемия нового коронавируса, охватившая постепенно почти все страны мира. Это масштабное явление в значительной степени затронуло и жизнь людей, и хозяйственный комплекс такого густонаселенного и экономически мощного государства, как Китай. В данной статье анализируется степень влияния новой болезни на развитие экономики его ведущего хозяйственного центра — провинции Гуандун в 2020 г.
The article examines recent trends in tax level and structure changes within developed and developing economies in relation to economic growth. The study’s significance stems from increasing geo-economic turbulence and emerging risks in the global economy, necessitating fiscal regulation. The analysis spans the period from 2009, post the Great Recession, to the present day.
We tested the hypothesis that discernible patterns could be identified through statistical analysis regarding the relationship between tax indicators (level and structure) and economic growth indicators. However, no such clear patterns were found. In essence, it cannot be definitively concluded that reduced tax levels and/or increased indirect tax shares do explicitly foster national economic growth. Tax impact on economic growth varies significantly across developed and developing economies, presenting a complex and nuanced picture. The nature and strength of this influence are largely shaped by the specific circumstances of each location and period. In order to identify their unique impact, counterfactual analysis is required.
In the course of further research, it is important to consider, firstly, the increased fiscal activism of the post-pandemic period: in this case, the research outcomes may be different from those obtained for the period already examined. Secondly, considering the ongoing processes of geo-economic fragmentation, it is recommended to reexamine the influence of taxes on economic processes. This investigation should adhere to the evolving framework of new macro-regions worldwide, rather than the conventional dichotomy of developed and developing economies. Participants within these macro-regions, interconnected through supply and value chains, will
need to work together to align their tax rules and policies for mutual benefits.