Обеспечение благополучия детства является одним из основных приоритетов не только в России, но и в других государствах. Особое внимание уделяется социальной защите детей-сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей, как наименее защищенной категории и среди граждан, и среди детей, имеющих родителей и воспитывающихся в «кровных» семьях. Государствами принимаются различные меры, направленные на обеспечение содержания таких детей. Среди них немалую часть занимают материальные меры или меры, предоставляемые в денежной форме. В статье проведен сравнительный анализ законодательства Российской Федерации и Республики Казахстан в части условий и определения объема пенсионного обеспечения и обеспечения социальными пособиями. Выявление специфики, сходства и различий в правовом регулировании денежного содержания детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей, взаимный обмен правовым опытом позволят странам усовершенствовать законодательство о социальном обеспечении.
В статье автор проводит анализ последствий применения некоторых видов санкций. Автор отмечает, что одностороннее расторжение заключенных договоров и отказ заключать новые договоры с физическими лицами (вследствие их дискриминации по территории проживания, национальности, гражданству) может причинить моральный вред, выражающийся в унижении человеческого достоинства, вызванном негативными переживаниями и эмоциями человека, а не в занижении самооценки. При этом автор указывает, что в условиях применения санкций нуждаются в дальнейшем теоретическом осмыслении и само понятие «достоинство», и способы и меры защиты достоинства.
Neoseiulus californicus is widely used as an effective biocontrol agent of spider mites. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of N. californicus was determined using Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. The complete mitochondrial genome is 21,318 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rRNA genes and 22 transfer RNA
genes. Its AT content is 78.4%. All start and stop codons of the protein-coding genes are canonical, except for the missing stop codon for the cox3 gene. The control region was polymorphic in length between the sublines of N. californicus due to variable number of direct repeats. The mitogenome presented in this paper contributes to the study of the genetic structure of N. californicus biocontrol populations.
This paper provides an illustrated description of two water mite species of the genus Atractides—Atractides (Atractides) arzanensis sp. n. and Atractides (Atractides) teneroides sp. n.—from the running waters of Russia.
This paper provides a brief review of investigations of the spider mite fauna of Kyrgyzstan. 5 species—Eotetranychus libocedri, Eo. tiliarum, Eo. thujae, Oligonychus karamatus and O. lagodechii—were recorded from Kyrgyzstan for the first time. In addition, the presence of O. piceae in the studied region has been confirmed. Thus, the tetranychids fauna of Kyrgyzstan
consists of 58 species
The Tydeidae fauna of the Altay (Altayskiy Kray and Respublika Altay) is reviewed. A total of nine species of the genus Brachytydeus were found. Among them, Brachytydeus montanus sp. n., B. altaicus sp. n. and B. brevisetosus sp. n. are new to science. Brachytydeus politus (Kuznetsov), B. reticuloinsignius (Kazmierski and Panou) and B. sleipneri (Momen and Lundquist) comb. n. are recorded from Russia for the first time. Brachytydeus arkadiensis (Panou and Emmanouel), B. magus (Kuznetsov) and B. woolleyi (Baker) are reported from Altay for the first time.
The genus Raphignathus Dugès (Acari: Raphignathidae) of Asian Russia is reviewed. Raphignathus sakhalinensis sp. n. is described based on female and male specimens collected from spruce bark on Sakhalin Island; R. longipes sp. n. is described based on female and male specimens collected from various regions of Russia (Bashkortostan, Tyumenskaya Oblast, the Respublika Altay and Kamchatka). Raphignathus fani Doğan and Ayyildiz and R. ozkani Doğan are recorded from Russia for the first time and redescribed. Raphignathus gracilis (Rack) is recorded from Asian Russia for the first time. A key to the species of Raphignathus of Russia is also provided.
A new feather mite species, Dolichodectes sibiricus sp. n. (Pterodectinae), is described from the Dark-sided Flycatcher, Muscicapa sibirica Gmelin, JF, captured on the southern coast of Lake Baikal, Buryatia, Russia. The new species is closest to D. allocaulus (Gaud and Mouchet 1957) and D. platynocercus (Gaud and Mouchet, 1957) from Africa and is distinguished from them in the following features. In males of D. sibiricus, the lateral enlargements of opisthosomal lobes are of a complicated form and consist of distinct angular projections bearing setae f2 and rounded ledges at level of setae h2, and the aedeagus extends to the level of setae ps3; in females, the prodorsal and hysteronotal shields lack ornamentation, the terminal appendages at their bases are 2–2.5 times thicker that setae h2, and setae e2 are situated closer to the level of setae e1 than to the posterior margin of the hysteronotal shield. Brief comments on the systematics of the genus Dolichodectes, a key to the known species, an updated checklist of the world fauna, as well as host associations are provided.
The paper describes a new species, Trouessartia cyane sp. n., collected from the Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane (Pallas) (type host) and the Rufous-tailed Robin L. sibilans Swinhoe in Primorsky Krai (the Russian Far East). The description is supplemented with barcoding data (mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene).
Trouessartia cyane is closest to T. larvivorae Mironov, 2021 and T. rubecula Jablonska, 1968, differing mainly in measurable characteristics. In particular, in males of T. cyane, the length of terminal lamellae is 20–23 (vs. 25–30 in T. larvivorae and 30–35 in T. rubecula); in females, the length of idiosoma is 515–545 (vs. 555–590 in T. larvivorae and 570–625 in T. rubecula), the distance between setae se is 85–90 (vs. 100–120), the width of opisthosoma at the level of setae h2 is 87–97 (vs. 105–115), setae h1 are thin spiculiform (vs. lanceolate).
Genetic distances within T. cyane, as well as between the new species and four closely related Trouessartia species from four muscicapids distributed in northern Eurasia, have been analyzed using Kimura’s two-parameter (K2P) model. Intraspecific genetic distances within T. cyane varied between 0.006 and 0.01; interspecific distances between the new species and morphologically
close species ranged from 0.154 (T. rubecula) to 0.185 (T. calliope).
Phoretic deutonymphs of Winterschmidtia tawantinsuyuca sp. n. (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae) are described from Peru. This is the fourth species of the genus recorded in the Neotropical realm. Similar to the three other Peruvian species, the new species is phoretic on bark beetles, but this is the first finding of Winterschmidtia on the beetles of the genus Xyleborus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). The new species differs from all others in the ornamentation on of its prodorsal shield.