the article is devoted to describing Karelian-specific features of the censuses of 1897 and 1926 by means of comprehensive archival data analysis from the documentary collections of statistical regional operators responsible for the two census campaigns (currently stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Karelia). Both enterprises were meant as the ultimate collection of valuable and most overall inclusive data about the national population. The article shows both the scientific and genealogically oriented potentials of the archival census documents.
The Russian Empire’s attempts to solve the ‘Finnish question’ at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries are discussed within the context of the Empire’s national policy, in particular, that pertaining to the Polish and Baltic questions. The author identifies the general policy directions for these three regions, as well as the peculiarities characteristic of the situation in Finland. The author concludes that the policy towards Finland was quite in line with the general trends in the transformation of the empire’s national policy, but at the same time had a number of important special features.
On the basis of both published and archival documents (materials from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts) the connections between the Jacobites, the Swedish politicians and diplomats, and the Russian tsar Peter the Great in 1716 - early 1717 are investigated. The main channel of the Jacobite influence at the Russian court and personally on Peter I was doctor Robert Erskine, a Scot and a Jacobite. At that time the Swedish court was split into several factions one of which was presented by the king Charles XII’s favorite and virtual Prime Minister baron Georg Heinrich von Görtz, the Swedish ambassador in the Great Britain Carl Gyllenborg, his brother and the secretary of Görtz Gustav Gyllenborg, and the Swedish ambassador Erik Sparre. They tried to end the Great Northern War, make peace with Russia and use it in Jacobite projects of overthrowing king George I from the British throne. Peter I used the Jacobites and, on the other hand, von Görtz’s Swedish supporters in his own interests to create a diplomatic channel to negotiate with Charles XII in order to finish the war which was exhausting for Russia.
The article deals with a poorly researched aspect of the history of the Olonets ‘New Model’ regiments (1649-1666) - the phenomenon of mass desertion of soldiers and dragoons. On the basis of archival and published sources, the author analyses the dynamics of desertion and examines the quantitative data on runaway soldiers. The main reasons for soldiers’ escapes are also considered as the principal conditions for mass desertion.
16 мая 2022 года скончалась Татьяна Алексеевна Шрадер, кандидат исторических наук, человек, внесший большой вклад в скандинавистику, в изучение истории культурных и торговых связей между Россией и Скандинавскими странами, в дело укрепления дружбы между нашими народами. Особенно горько ощущать утрату автору этих строк, поскольку нашему знакомству более 65 лет.
Ускорившаяся к концу 1980-х гг. динамика перестроечных процессов в СССР с неизбежностью диктовала Финляндии необходимость оценки перспектив двусторонних отношений. Именно этому и посвящена монография Ю.-М. Ритванена1, название которой — «Крошащийся краеугольный камень» — не вполне точно передает её содержание, поскольку отражает не столько слаженную «работу в камнедробилке» двух сторон процесса, а в основном только одной, тогда как вторая в силу дряхления и безволия часто оставалась вялой, пассивной (хотя иногда и провоцирующей)
The goal of the article is to analyze symbols and rhetoric in the interlocking fields of religion and politics at the time of Civil War. The author comes to conclusion that during the celebration of the first anniversary of the revolutionary October religious symbols are being used for legitimization of power, sacralization of politics.
This article studies the frequency and contexts of mentioning the city of Petrozavodsk in the British press of 1850-1884, which included publications of the English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish counties. The use of an interdisciplinary method of content analysis made it possible to identify six contextual groups and divide all identified references into those related to: first, the production of steel and weapons; second, visits to the city by members of the imperial family; third, the construction of the railway; travel memories and travel recommendations; sixth, diseases in the city. The largest number of mentions of the city in the 19th century. falls on the Middle Victorian period and is thematically connected with military-industrial technologies, supplying the army. The thematic representation in the British press of the city of Petrozavodsk reflected the goals that the public and news agencies set for the British special correspondents sent to the North. On the pages of the British press, Petrozavodsk was presented as a center of military-industrial production, the achievements of which formed an opinion about the technical potential of the entire Russian Empire of the period under review.
The imperial government’s attacks on the autonomous rights of the Grand Duchy of Finland had a significant impact on the life and oeuvre of the national writers, including Kyösti Wilkuna (1879-1922). His literary works are valuable historical sources that contain information about some aspects of building the Finns’ cultural memory, but they have not yet been studied from this point of view. The purpose of the article is to analyse some denotative and connotative meanings of Kyösti Wilkuna’s historical adventure novels depicting the Finnish aspect of the wars between Sweden and Russia, especially the period of the Great Wrath, or Isoviha. The author concludes that these novels’ contemporary reader not only learned an interpretation of the past, but also discovered connotative meanings in the text that were constitutive of an element of the image of the Other for the Finnish identity.
The article based on the material of the Old Icelandic Brennu-Njáls saga deals with identification of medieval Icelanders in the society with the help of personal names, patronymics and nicknames. And if, as the analysis of the saga shows, personal names were a means of individual identification of a person, the generic names, on the contrary, connected a person with his family and especially with his namesake ancestors. The goals of the latter were also fulfilled by patronymics, toponymic and generic nicknames, while all other types of nicknames contributed to the individualization of a person. It can be argued that the generic identification of a person in medieval Icelandic society was based on the genealogical principle, and the individual identification complemented it, still relying on it, despite the fact that they were outwardly opposed.