Статья: PLANETARY EVOLUTION (2023)

Discusses self-oscillations and related processes in nature and society. They are associated with forced and self-organizing gradual change system settings, as well as with the combined effect of multiple oscillatory elements. Examples of such processes are shown.

The drainage basin, river, and delta zone together constitute a complex open dipole system. In it, the watershed subsystem plays the role of an accumulator of high potential energy of water, the channel zones are cumulative transit zones of the potential energy of water, and the estuarine zones are dissipators of this energy, minimizing its level to the maximum. It is convenient to represent such a system as a “drainage” model, which allows us to consider all types of floods in its various sections and at the same time give a comparative assessment of the potential of river systems as dipole formations from tectonic positions.

The concept of climate is considered from the standpoint of the theory of complex systems. A hierarchy of subordination is proposed to consider a system including the Earth’s climate as its subsystem, the Earth as a system directly affecting it, the Solar System as a suprasystem and the Galaxy as a supersystem. The interrelation of all rhythms in this hierarchy is discussed and the leading parameters and rhythms are highlighted, which confirms the usefulness of this approach.

In recent years, a new promising general scientific direction has emerged to study the processes of self-organization in complex open systems of Nature and Society. Under open systems it is customary to understand systems capable of exchanging matter, energy and information with the environment. Openness in combination with the accumulative and internal resonance of the system leads to the activation of internal processes of self-organization and the complication of the structure, which is the essence of its evolution.

The work is devoted to the analysis of ways of development of the theory of self-organization for the world of complex systems. This is due to the fact that the modern world understanding is based on the concepts of complex world and correspondingly on interactions of complex systems, such as nonlinearity, imbalance and chaotic state in the process of evolution. The paper summarizes not only all types of self-organization known to date, but also the degree of participation of authors in the topic. In addition, a new type of cumulative self-organization is considered separately.