It is generally accepted by many scholars that British and American English vary greatly. This is not just a simple assumption about the phenomenon, but rather a well-grounded opinion. On the basis of extensive analysis conducted on differences between the two variations of English, linguists assume that the two vary mainly in grammar patterns and vocabulary choice. This article addresses the question of differences in vocabulary choice focusing on political vocabulary. It compares the most commonly used political words in British and American news reports and reveals distinct contrasts concerning word choice. A comparative analysis with the help of the corpus-driven approach has been chosen as the best procedure to investigate the material under study and demonstrate the mentioned differences.
Идентификаторы и классификаторы
It is common knowledge that British and American English vary greatly, especially in terms of word choice. Fares (2019) argues that lexicon or vocabulary, as one of the central linguistic branches, is an area where apparent variations between British English and American English can definitely be observed. Assumingly, the political vocabulary of the two varieties will differ as well, which will be found out by “posing” corpus linguistics a question to answer. Corpus linguistics, being a relatively new branch of linguistics, deals with the language as it is without prescribing any rules to it. Until very recently, linguists mainly referred to corpus linguistics as a separate discipline of linguistics, as an objective per se (McCarthy & O’Keeffe, 2010) while now the tendency is to regard it as a tool with the help of which many academic disciplines can be developed. It should be noted here that it can be applied in literary and translation studies, language teaching and learning, discourse analysis, and the list still can be continued. Corpus linguistics can be beneficially applied in different areas of language analysis, including the vocabulary of a certain field such as politics.
Список литературы
- Anthony, L. (2014, September). AntPConc: A Freeware Multi-Platform Parallel Concordancer. Paper presented at the American Association for Corpus Linguistics (AACL 2014), September 25-28, 2014, Flagstaff, Arizona.
- Bacon, S. M., & Finneman, M. D. (1990). A study of the attitudes, motives, and strategies of university foreign language students and their disposition to authentic oral and written input. The Modern Language.
- Biber, D., Reppen, R. (1998). Comparing native and learner perspectives on English grammar: A study of complement clauses. Learner English on computer.
- Brown, K. L. (2003). From Teacher-Centered to Learner-Centered Curriculum: Improving Learning in Diverse Classrooms. Education, Vol. 124, Issue 1, 49-54.
- Edelman, M. J. (1977). Political Language: Words That Succeed and Policies That Fail. University of Wisconsin, Academic Press.
- Fares, A. (2019). British English and American English: History and Differences. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT).
- Gabrielatos, C. (2007). Selecting query terms to build a specialised corpus from a restricted-access database. ICAME Journal 31, 5-4.
- House, S. (2008). Authentic materials in the classroom. Didactic approaches for teachers of English in an international context, 53-70.
- Kahin, B., & Varian, H. (2000). Profiting from Online News. Internet Publishing and Beyond; The Economics of Digital Information and Intellectual Property. MIT Press.
- Koester, A. (2010). Building small specialized corpora. The Routledge of Corpus Linguistics. Routledge.
- Kutter, A. & Kantner, C. (2012). Corpus-based content analysis: a method for investigating news coverage on war and intervention. International Relations Online Working Paper Series, 2012(01).
- McCarthy, M. & O’Keeffe, A. (2010). Historical perspective: What are corpora and how have they evolved? The Routledge of Corpus Linguistics. Routledge.
- Nadrag, L. (2017). The benefits of using authentic materials in ESP classroom. Ovidus university press.
- Nelson, M. (2010). Building a written corpus: What are the basics? The Routledge of Corpus Linguistics. Routledge.
- Rogers, C., & Medley, F. (1988). Language with a purpose: Using authentic materials in the foreign language classroom. Foreign Language Annals, 21, 467-478.
- Storjohann, P. (2005). Corpus-driven vs. corpus-based approach to the study of relational patterns. Institut für Deutsche Sprache Mannheim (IDS).
- Tognini-Bonelli, E. (2001). Corpus Linguistics at Work. Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 6. John Benjamins.
- Top 50 UK News Websites. Retrieved from https://blog.feedspot.com/uk_ news_websites/
- Top 50 USA News Websites. Retrieved from https://blog.feedspot.com / uk_news_websites/
- Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online. https://www.ldoce online.com/
Выпуск
Другие статьи выпуска
Writing is a key act in the process of foreign language acquisition. The ability to write properly and accurately is essential for effective communication and critical for human employment. Semantically accurate and grammatically proper writing is of paramount importance especially for students in higher educational institutions. Hence, the present research tends to examine the mistakes made by second language learners in writing essays and proposes recommendations how to improve the English writing skills of the Chinese students. The goal of the research is to reveal common and contrastive features of language errors and help Chinese students to improve their grammatical competences. In order to achieve the above-mentioned goals, the following tasks have been set forth: to discuss and specify the characteristic features of common errors made by Chinese college students; to study different types of errors in writing samples provided by Jiangxi Tellhow Animation Vocational College students; to analyze the possible transformative teaching tendencies and methods that will improve second language learners’ writings abilities. The practical significance of the paper is deeply supported by the applicability of its content in education. The methods of inquiry, comparative analysis, component analysis, observation, data collection, etc., have been applied to the research to fulfil the tasks of this research.
Vocabulary learning is an incremental and ongoing process that has an indispensable value in language acquisition allowing foreign language learners to convey their thoughts and communicate. Receptive vocabulary fosters comprehension of reading and listening, whereas productive vocabulary promotes speaking and writing skills. The focus of this study is the productive vocabulary of learners. Particularly, it is shown that in incidental vocabulary learning, the involvement load is of great importance. The three factors that influence the involvement load are need, search, and evaluation. In the case study conducted within the framework of the present research, the relevance of these three factors is brought to light and highly emphasized. The study aims to present how vocabulary journals influence vocabulary enhancement and to show the participants’ experience of implementing a vocabulary journal as a tool for intentional and autonomous learning. The research methods applied in the study include vocabulary size test, productive vocabulary test, implementing vocabulary journal technique, post-tests for measuring vocabulary knowledge of the participants, and an interview.
The paper aims to reveal the benefits and challenges of classroom debate for undergraduate students. Speaking is the ultimate target in English language teaching. However, this is the language skill that students struggle most with. Some of the underlying reasons are fear of making mistakes, lack of background knowledge on the subject matter, insufficient vocabulary and grammar. Another significant factor is methods of teaching that might arouse interest, affect willingness to engage in the active learning process or, on the contrary, demotivate learners and hinder participation. The present study attempts to investigate the peculiarities of debate implementation, the role of the given tool in EFL teaching. It is a qualitative descriptive study based on observation method and a questionnaire to gather data on students’ perceptions and attitudes towards their participation in a series of class debating.
The article examines the use of passive voice and passive structures in the legal context, and particularly its use in the English and Armenian versions of the RA Family Code. Based on qualitative and quantitative, as well as case study methodology, the purposeful use of passive structures, their tendency to ensure maximum accuracy, as well as their functional-communicative features and the functions performed by them in legal speech are revealed in the study. The research also states that the frequency of applicability of the passive voice is due to the emphasis on the role of the action and not on the doer in both English and Armenian versions of the mentioned document belonging to legal discourse.
The paper is a study of the subjective factors of a literary text perception (according to the French linguist Kerbrat-Orecchioni’s communication scheme), of the semiotic factors in meaning creation (according to the theory of the linguist and semiotician M. Riffaterre), as well as of the text generation and text perceiving factors (according to the theory of the French linguist, philosopher and semiotician Roland Barthes where the production of meaning is considered to be the reader’s main goal, his pleasure and bliss (jouissance)).
Paragraphs have important roles in expressing our ideas and helping readers understand what we are trying to say. The analysis of paragraph patterns based on “Great Gatsby” by F. S․ Fitzgerald and its Armenian translation demonstrated that in creative writing the division of paragraphs is rather structural than individual. The research showed that a paragraph stands on its own or is a part of a log piece. It should also focus on a central theme, idea or subject. Paragraphing is an important convention of both written English and Armenian. The page where there are no paragraph breaks seems indigestible and incomprehensible. Paragraphs help readers keep their place in the story and give the eyes a rest. If a paragraph is coherent, each sentence flows smoothly into the next one without obvious shifts or jumps. A coherent paragraph also highlights the ties between old and new information to make the structure of ideas or arguments clear to the reader.
In our rapidly developing world, people often need to create words to name new concepts. The process of creating a new word is actually very complex and consists of a number of stages that are mostly carried out at the subconscious level. People need to understand the role of a newly encountered phenomenon in the world around them and how that phenomenon will be classified within the framework of the already familiar categories. Another problem is the choice of the outer (phonetic) form of the newly created word, which is mainly based on the categorization process of the new phenomenon encountered by a person. This paper is aimed at studying the role of morphemes of Ancient Greek and Latin origin in the process of coining neologisms in the field of psychology. Psychology is a rapidly developing branch of science, and consequently new words need to be coined frequently. In the paper, we tried to reveal what kind of categorization processes take place when creating new words, and how these processes affect the external phonetic composition of given neologisms, and in particular, why Ancient Greek or Latin morphemes are chosen for coining neologisms in the field of psychology.
Издательство
- Издательство
- ЕГУ
- Регион
- Армения, Ереван
- Почтовый адрес
- Республика Армения, 0025, Ереван, ул. Алека Манукяна, 1
- Юр. адрес
- Республика Армения, 0025, Ереван, ул. Алека Манукяна, 1
- ФИО
- Оганнес Оганнисян (Ректор ЕГУ)
- Контактный телефон
- +7 (___) _______