From the perspective of a systemic approach, the evolution of China’s (PRC) state policy in the field of «innovative materials» (IM) production is examined. The strategies for a technological breakthrough and achieving technological sovereignty are reviewed in chronological sequence. The conclusion is drawn on the possibility and necessity of aligning the strategies of the two countries to foster Russia’s (RF) technological sovereignty. The imposition of sanctions on both Russia and China curtails the opportunities for IM production: logistical links are disrupted, the ability to procure components and finished products from technologically more advanced countries is impaired, and market access is restricted. Consequently, there is a growing need for research and development cooperation between China and Russia.