Ever since man began to think, to explain phenomena of the surrounding reality (and at the same time to become human), this knowledge over time began to be accumulated, and later to be recorded and transmitted to the next generations. Since then, mankind has passed a long way of improving and developing itself and its knowledge. With the advent of writing in the countries of ancient civilizations, the germs of the sciences emerged: rhetoric, poetics, medicine, astronomy, mathematics, including geometry, and logic. These types of scientific knowledge gravitated toward the applied form of activity, but their theoretical component was still long inseparable from the unified general-scientific philosophical science. The body of knowledge in modern scientific understanding began to form in XVI-XVII centuries, at the same time, when the word “science” appeared. Thus, science developed more intensively in breadth and depth with the formation of fundamental and particular applied sciences, the number of which was growing. By the 20th century the number of sciences increased so much, that some scientists did not understand others, because each science introduces their essentially redundant and unnecessary notions that we can do without; the specialization and differentiation deepened which hindered the general scientific knowledge and the development of science. Undoubtedly, along with differentiation of scientific knowledge, there was a process of integration, which increasingly gave way to its opposite hindering the development of science as a whole. There appeared a world picture based mainly on some fundamental sciences: physics, astronomy, and biology, mathematics, combined with philosophy, which did not give the integrity of knowledge of the world and further strengthened the separation of the sciences. The main disadvantage of this integration and the commonality of scientific knowledge is the lack of a general scientific methodology of building a universal, holistic world picture.
