The complex systems

For an in-depth understanding of the processes underlying the development of mankind as a whole, an approach is proposed in which the opportunities for actions of people and humanity are included in the consideration. The social structures, as well as the impact of mankind on the environment, are excluded from consideration. In the works known to me, this approach is practically absent. The purpose of this study is to develop criteria for the search for components or groups of components of such a system and identify their list. The other purpose is to consider the dynamics of development over time of a system consisting of these groups of components. The search criteria for components or groups of components that may constitute such a system are described. The list of groups of components is given, which, in particular, includes “Man-made materials”, “Mass transport”, etc. The totality of groups of components determines the range of opportunities for the actions of people and humanity as a whole. An analysis was made of the change in time of the proposed set of groups of components. It has been established that the range of these opportunities expands over time and that this expansion is realized with acceleration.
During the search per proposed criteria information was used from various areas of knowledge. Those areas are associated with the development of technologies, means of communication, social activity, globalization, and cognitive abilities.

There are the main points of the derivation of the differential equations of the Earth’s rotational motion. The periods of oscillation of the Earth’s axis are grounded by the angular momentum theorem. The constants of the equations, the initial conditions, and the theory of their computations are discussed. The results of integrating the equations over time intervals from 0.1 year to 1 million years are considered. The theory of solutions transformation to the mobile plane of the Earth’s orbit is considered for millions of years, and the solution results are presented at different time intervals from 100 years to 20 million years. The evolution of the Earth’s axis is analyzed. It is established that the Earth’s axis precesses with respect to a fixed direction in space, which differs from the direction of the precession of planetary orbits. Physical explanations of the received oscillations of the Earth’s axis from 14.68° to 32.68° are given. The oscillations of the Earth’s rotation period are shown. Evidence of the reliability of the solutions obtained is presented. The work is of interest to a wide range of researchers in the fields of astronomy, paleoclimate and geophysics.