The article is devoted to the analysis of the information war that unfolded in the global media space around the conflict between Israel and Hamas after the events of October 7, 2023. The purpose of the study is to identify the main tools and methods used by the parties to construct conflicting realities and dominate the digital environment. Based on the analysis of materials from international media (Reuters, The Guardian, BBC, CNN, Al Jazeera, The Economist), the work explores opposing narratives (the “war of civilization on terror” against the “struggle for liberation from occupation”), strategies for using visual content, mechanisms for spreading disinformation and coordinated campaigns on social networks (astroturfing, manipulation of hashtags). The methodology includes a comparative analysis of discourse and a case study of key incidents. It is concluded that in the conflicts of the 21st century, the struggle for control over narrative and information space acquires strategic importance, determining international legitimacy and shaping historical memory, while traditional media face a crisis of trust and turn out to be both targets and participants in the confrontation
Today, international investments have increased using Islamic commercial contracts. These contracts can be divided into five areas, including 1. Contracts based on purchase and sale, 2. Contracts based on partnership, 3. Contracts based on lease, 4. Contracts based on payment, and 5. Other contracts. The thing is that these contracts have brought Islam into the field of international investment law. Purpose: the main purpose of the article is to answer this question, how have Islamic commercial contracts brought Islam into international investment law? Research Methods: In this study, quantitative and qualitative methods have been used to examine how Islamic commercial contracts play role in investment process. Conclusion: In response to the main question, the current article has concluded that Islamic commercial contracts, given their nature, bring Islam into international investment law in three steps: first, in the direction of concluding a contract, second, in line with the using the opinions of international Islamic councils, and third, in connection with the arising international investment disputes